Why are IGBT and MOSFET a better choice instead of a thyristor when using as a chopper?

IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) and MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) are often preferred over thyristors when used in chopper circuits due to several key advantages they offer:

1. Fast Switching Speed: IGBTs and MOSFETs have much faster switching speeds compared to thyristors. This allows for higher frequency operation and more precise control of the chopper circuit.

2. Voltage Control: IGBTs and MOSFETs can be easily controlled to modulate the output voltage by adjusting the duty cycle of the switching signal. Thyristors, on the other hand, are latching devices and once turned on, they cannot be turned off until the current through them drops below a certain threshold.

3. Efficiency: IGBTs and MOSFETs have lower conduction losses compared to thyristors, leading to higher efficiency in the chopper circuit. This is especially important in applications where energy efficiency is a key consideration.

4. Overcurrent Protection: IGBTs and MOSFETs have built-in protection features that can help prevent damage due to overcurrent conditions. Thyristors are more susceptible to damage in case of overcurrent situations.

5. Size and Weight: IGBTs and MOSFETs are typically smaller and lighter than thyristors, making them more suitable for applications where size and weight are critical factors.

6. Noise and EMI: IGBTs and MOSFETs generate less electrical noise and electromagnetic interference (EMI) compared to thyristors, which is beneficial in applications where minimizing interference is important.

7. Control Flexibility: IGBTs and MOSFETs offer more flexibility in terms of control strategies and can be easily integrated into modern control systems, allowing for better performance and functionality in the chopper circuit.

Overall, IGBTs and MOSFETs offer improved performance, efficiency, control, and protection features compared to thyristors, making them a better choice for chopper circuits in many applications.